Optical Measurement Techniques for multi-dimensional measurement of Cultural Heritage

Optical measurement systems were originally developed for industrial applications. Due to their versatility of use and “touchless“ non-invasive method of working they have also been employed for many years in the field of restoration, conservation and preservation of cultural heritage. The capabilities of a variety of optical measuring methods e.g. photogrammetry, laser triangulation and interferometry have been theoretically described and their varying applications for restoration and conservation explored 10 years ago. This paper provides an overview of the utilization and implementation of Optical Measurement Systems in the field of restoration, conservation and preservation of cultural heritage that could be observed over the last ten years. Theory and function of the above mentioned systems for shape and deformation measurement of Cultural Heritage will be introduced shortly. The paper will then focus on the practical benefit of Optical Technology such as: 3D and digital archiving, monitoring of deterioration and deformation over time, precise copying and reconstruction, documentation and research, transportation packaging, etc.